功效作用 Efficacy and Functions
活血解毒，杀虫敛疮。
Promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, detoxifying, killing parasites, and healing wounds.
主治 Indications
紫云疯，面部紫肿，外伤瘀肿出血，疮疡溃烂，疥癣，漆中毒。
Ziyun syndrome, purple swelling on the face, bruises, swelling, and bleeding from external injuries, ulceration of sores, scabies, and lacquer poisoning.
用法用量 Dosage and Administration
外用：适量，捣烂敷；或捣汁搽；或煎水洗。
External application: Apply an appropriate amount, either by crushing and applying as a poultice, or by applying the juice, or by decocting and washing with the water.
相关论述 Relevant Discussion
《纲目》：“主劳疾，杀虫。”
"Compendium of Materia Medica": "Mainly used for treating labor-related illnesses and killing parasites."
《本草蒙筌》：“挤汁涂癣，疮晕渐收。”
"Ben Cao Meng Quan": "Squeeze the juice to apply on ringworm, gradually healing ulcers and reducing swelling."
临床应用 Clinical Applications
治漆中毒，漆叶取汁搽，或煎水候冷洗，忌洗暖水及饮酒。（《本草求原》）
To treat lacquer poisoning, extract juice from lacquer leaves for topical application, or boil them in water, let it cool, and use it for washing. Avoid washing with warm water and drinking alcohol. (From "Ben Cao Qiu Yuan")
加工炮制 Processing and Preparation
采收加工：夏、秋季采叶，随采随用，鲜用。
Harvesting and processing: Leaves should be harvested in summer and autumn, used immediately, and applied fresh.
植物学信息 Botanical Information
植物种属：漆树科漆属植物漆树。
Species: The lacquer tree (Toxicodendron vernicifluum) belongs to the family Anacardiaceae, genus Toxicodendron.
形态特征 Morphological Characteristics
漆树，别名大木漆、山漆《中国高等植物图鉴》，楂苗《中国树木分类》，小木漆（湖北），瞎妮子（山东）。落叶乔木，高达20m。树皮灰白色，粗糙，呈不规则纵裂，小枝粗壮，被棕色柔毛；冬芽生枝顶，大而显著，被棕黄色绒毛。奇数羽状复叶螺旋状，互生，长22-75cm；叶柄长7-14cm，被微柔毛，近基部膨大，半圆形，上面平；小叶4-6对，小叶柄长4-7mm，卵形、卵状椭圆形或长圆形，长6-13cm，宽3-6cm，先端渐尖或急尖，基部偏斜，圆形或阔楔形，全缘，上面无毛或中脉被微毛，下面初有细毛，老时沿脉密被淡褐色柔毛；侧脉10-15对，两面略凸，膜质至薄纸质。圆锥花序长15-30cm，被灰黄色微柔毛；花杂性或雌雄异株，花黄绿色；雄花花萼5，卵形，长约0.8mm；花瓣5，长圆形，开花外卷；雄蕊5，长约2.5mm，着生于花盘边缘，花丝线形，花药长圆形；雌花较雄蕊小，子房球形，1室，径约1.5mm，花柱3。果序稍下垂，核果肾形或椭圆形，不偏斜，略压扁，长5-6mm，宽7-8mm，外果皮黄色，无毛，具光泽，成熟后不裂，中果皮蜡质，具树脂条纹，果核棕色，与果同形，长约3mm，宽约5mm，坚硬。花期5-6月，果期7-10月。
The lacquer tree, also known as Chinese lacquer tree or varnish tree, is a deciduous tree that can grow up to 20 meters tall. The bark is grayish-white, rough, and irregularly vertically fissured. Twigs are stout and covered with brown soft hairs. Winter buds are large and prominent, located at the tips of branches, covered with tawny downy hairs. The odd-pinnate compound leaves are spirally arranged and alternate, 22–75 cm long; petioles are 7–14 cm long, pubescent, enlarged at the base, semicircular and flat above. There are 4–6 pairs of leaflets, with petiolules 4–7 mm long; leaflets are ovate, ovate-elliptic, or oblong, 6–13 cm long, 3–6 cm wide, acuminate or acute at apex, oblique at base, rounded or broadly cuneate, entire margin; upper surface glabrous or sparsely pubescent along midvein, lower surface initially finely hairy, becoming densely covered with light brown soft hairs along veins when mature; lateral veins 10–15 pairs, slightly raised on both sides, membranous to thin-papery. Panicles are 15–30 cm long, covered with grayish-yellow fine hairs. Flowers are polygamous or dioecious, yellow-green in color. Male flowers have 5 ovate sepals, about 0.8 mm long; 5 oblong petals that reflex outward during blooming; 5 stamens about 2.5 mm long, attached at the edge of the disc, filaments linear, anthers oblong. Female flowers are smaller than male ones, with a globose ovary, one chamber, diameter about 1.5 mm, and 3 styles. Fruit clusters are slightly drooping; drupes are kidney-shaped or elliptical, not skewed, slightly flattened, 5–6 mm long, 7–8 mm wide; exocarp yellow, glabrous, glossy, does not split when ripe; mesocarp waxy with resinous stripes; endocarp (stone) brown, same shape as fruit, about 3 mm long, 5 mm wide, hard and woody. Flowering period is May to June, fruiting period July to October.
分布区域 Distribution Area
全国除黑龙江、吉林、内蒙古、新疆以外，各地均有分布。
Distributed throughout China except in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang.
生长环境 Growing Environment
生于海拔800-2800（-3800）m的向阳山坡林内，亦有栽培。
Grows naturally or cultivated in sunny mountain slopes at altitudes of 800–2800 (–3800) meters above sea level.